The greeks invented Democracy. Barbarian is a term used to describe the distinctive way of life based on farming. Megaliths: Massive rough-cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs. Over three thousand years up to the time of the Persian Empire, civilization had spread from its Sumerian and Egyptian homelands right across southwestern Asia and northeastern Africa. Why the Greeks rocked. They had a lot of new ideas. They had incredible art forms. They had Democratic government with citizen participation. They had many innovators in warfare.
4000 B.C. - Farming life, village life, communities, small cities, this kind of life spreaded from Egypt and Sumer.
3500 B.C. - They had the ability to make megaliths these are stones that they made into massive sculptures and art.
2500 B.C. - Their language was Greek and Latin. Their lives centered around strength and courage, comradship and loyalty, contests and battle.
They were barbarian (from the Greek word barbaros non-Greek). The distinctive civilization the Greeks developed is the first that counts as defidently "Western."
Geography of Greece:
Mountainous peninsula
- Mountains cover 3/4
Approximately 1,400 islands in the Aegean and Ionian Seas
Location shaped its culture
Skilled Sailors
Poor natural resources
Difficult to unite the ancient Greeks because of the terrain; developed small, independent communities
Approximately 20% of their land was suitable for farming
Fertile valleys cover 1/4 of a peninsula
Because of geography the Greek diet consists of grains, grapes, and olives
Lack of resources most likely led to Greek colonization
Temperatures range from 48 in the winter to 80 in the summer
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